In what way does long-term substance use often affect a person's decision-making?

Long-term substance use can significantly impair decision-making abilities due to changes in brain chemistry and functionality. Chronic use of substances such as alcohol or drugs can alter the frontal lobe's functioning, which is crucial for judgment, impulse control, and planning. As a result, individuals may struggle with evaluating risks, considering consequences, and making informed choices.

The impaired decision-making process means that individuals might engage in risky behaviors, fail to recognize harmful situations, or disregard the potential negative effects of their actions. This degradation of cognitive abilities not only impacts personal and social responsibilities but can also have severe consequences regarding health, relationships, and legal issues.

By contrast, the other options do not accurately reflect the consequences of long-term substance use on decision-making. Long-term use does not enhance decision-making skills, nor does it have minimal effects; it has profound impacts that can lead to serious impairments. It also affects various cognitive functions beyond just emotional responses, with significant implications for how individuals process information and make choices.